In 2024, Bioplatforms Australia and the Minderoo Foundation launched the Australian Fish Genomics Initiative to enhance understanding of Australia’s diverse fish species through referential biomolecular data. This initiative aims to support critical research and enable sustainable management strategies for Australia’s aquatic ecosystems.

Australia is home to around 5,000 fish species, including 400 native freshwater species, many of which are endemic. Despite their importance to the environment and economy, a significant proportion of these species remain poorly understood due to challenges in identification and access. Genomics-informed technologies are unlocking new insights into fish biodiversity, evolution, conservation, aquaculture, and biosecurity, including pest and disease management.

A recent audit highlighted major gaps in available genomic data for Australian fish. While 56.6% of freshwater and estuarine fish genera had some referential genomic data, only 26% had species-level information. For saltwater fish, the numbers were even lower, with 20% of genera and just 3% of species represented in genomic databases.

The Australian Fish Genomics Initiative seeks to address these critical deficiencies by generating high-quality genomic data. This work provide a foundation for improved population monitoring, environmental assessment, and the sustainable management of fisheries and aquatic ecosystems.